Bioplastics
Zvichienderana nezvakagadzirwa, nguva inotora kuti bioplastics inyatsoumbwa inogona kutora nguva yakasiyana uye inofanira kuiswa mucompost munzvimbo dzekutengesa, uko kunowanikwa tembiricha yepamusoro yecompost, uye pakati pe90 ne180 mazuva.Zvizhinji zvezviyero zvepasirese zviripo zvinoda kuti 60% yechipenyu ichidzikisirwe mukati memazuva zana nemakumi masere, pamwe nemimwe mwero inodaidzira resin kana zvigadzirwa zvinosanganiswa.Zvakakoshawo kusiyanisa pakati pekuora uye biodegradable uye compostable, sezvo mazwi aya anowanzoshandiswa zvakasiyana.
Biodegradable plastiki
Plastiki yeBiodegradable imhando yepurasitiki inozosvibiswa nehutachiona hwepanyama (senge mabhakitiriya, fungi, nezvimwewo) nekufamba kwenguva.Ziva kuti hapana chinosungirwa kusiya "zvisina-chepfu zvisaririra", kana nguva inodiwa kuti biodegradation.
Kudzokorodza zvakare kwakakosha kune zvakatipoteredza, uye nekuda kweichi chikonzero tine zvakare peji pamabhegi ekudzokorodza mamwe ane ruzivo runonakidza.
Biodegradable plastiki
Mapurasitiki anoparara anosanganisira marudzi ese emapurasitiki anoparara, anosanganisira biodegradable uye compostable plastics.Nekudaro, mapurasitiki asina-biodegradable kana asina-compostable anowanzo shandisa iyo "inoora plastiki" label.Zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvinoshandisa zvinyorwa zvepurasitiki zvinoodza, izvo zvinoshatisa nekuda kwesimba remuviri nemakemikari.Biological chiitiko hachisi chikamu chikuru chekudzikira kwezvigadzirwa izvi, kana maitiro acho anononoka kuverengerwa seanoora kana compostable.
Mhando dzemapurasitiki anoparara
Starch based
Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvinoparara zvinogadzirwa kubva kuchibage starch.Zvishandiso izvi zvinonyanya kuda nharaunda inoshanda yehutachiona isati yashatisa, senge marara kana manyowa, mamwe anozosvibiswa zvachose munzvimbo ino, nepo mamwe achingobaya, nepo mapurasitiki asingaderedze.Zvimedu zvepurasitiki zvakasara zvinogona kukuvadza ivhu, shiri uye dzimwe mhuka dzesango nemiti.Nepo kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinogonekwazve kuchiita sekunge kukwezva mumusimboti, hazvipi nzira yakanakisa yekusimudzira.
Aliphatic
Imwe mhando yepurasitiki inoparara inoshandisa inodhura aliphatic polyesters.Zvakafanana nesitashi, zvinoenderana nehutachiona hwemakompositi kana marara asati adzikisira.
Photodegradable
Ivo vanozodzikisira kana vavhenekerwa nechiedza chezuva, asi havazodzikisire mumarara, masiweji, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasviba.
Biodegradable oxygen
Izvo zvigadzirwa zviri pamusoro zvakaderedzwa neiyo hydration degradation process, asi iyo inonyanya kubatsira uye ine hupfumi nzira muhunyanzvi hutsva ndeyekugadzira mapurasitiki, uye ipurasitiki inoderedzwa neOXO degradation process.Iyo tekinoroji yakavakirwa pakuiswa kwediki diki rekuwedzera zvinosvibisa (kazhinji 3%) mune yakajairwa kugadzira maitiro, nekudaro kushandura maitiro epurasitiki.Izvo hazvinei nema microorganisms kuputsa mapurasitiki.Mapurasitiki anotanga kuderera pakarepo mushure mekugadzira uye kukurumidza kushatisa kana akaiswa mukupisa, chiedza kana kumanikidzwa.Iyi nzira haidzokerike uye inoenderera kusvikira zvinhu zvaderedzwa chete kucarbon dioxide nemvura.Naizvozvo, haizosiyi petroleum polymer zvidimbu muvhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2021